Benefits Of Using The Internet - 1298 Words

Introduction: In modern society we heavily rely on computers for a number of different reasons whether that be paying bills, shopping online or simply staying in touch with family and friends. If you take a look around at daily life it is clear to see just how important computers and technology are to us, they make life easier. One would never have that one day you could do your shopping without having to leave the comfort of your own home, this is just one of the basic uses of the modern computer. The fastest growing element of the computer world is the internet, due to this development the internet has now become the main communication method within the current generation whether that is between people or companies. The internet has a lot of benefits, people and companies can communicate and connect with others in various locations, therefore companies can take advantage of using the internet network to support their business, however there are some disadvantages to this method, using the internet heavily to communicate can leave companies and people vulnerable to cyber-crime such as network attacks, this results in companies taking extreme actions to have the best network security possible and maximise efforts to protect their network. A majority of people think that security attacks happen externally, someone outside the company but in fact internal attacks happen more frequent and are more harmful, Cryptek (2001) based the argument from some articles, â€Å"that internalShow MoreRelatedThe Internet : Benefits Of Children Using The Internet1457 Words   |  6 PagesBenefits of Children Using the Internet Children have been introduced to the Internet at a strikingly young age. Popular videos on social media show children interacting with the Internet on a daily basis. The Internet is a great resource for children to communicate, be creative, learn and have fun. However, parents have concerns about children having unlimited access to the Internet. These concerns include: a decrease in family communication, a lack of family relationships, child-obesity and onlineRead MoreP4 Explain the Benefits and Opportunities to the Business of Using Internet Marketing Within the Marketing Mix a Selected Business1112 Words   |  5 Pagescustomers. ASOS uses their business is purely based upon the internet everything is promoted through the World Wide Web on the website and off. They have promotion on other websites and also ASOS has developed an application to allow customers to track particular products on its sites through their web browser, whatever websites they are looking at. The online reta iler has used functionality within the latest version of Microsoft s Internet Explorer 8 web brower, which Microsoft released on March 19Read MoreAnalyse the marketing opportunities and challenges faced by a selected business when using Internet marketing1192 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿U12 M2 – Analyse the marketing opportunities and challenges faced by a selected business when using Internet marketing In this task I will analyse the marketing opportunities and challenges Apple faces by using internet marketing. Over the years, Apple has gained many benefits from internet marketing. Due to the internet’s high popularity, internet marketing has allowed Apple to promote their products effectively and efficiently which allows the company to create relationships with customersRead MoreHow Does Digital Media Influence Us?953 Words   |  4 Pages In addition, the average of using entertainment media is 7 hours and 38 minutes per a day, and they use much time for texting, calling, playing games, and so on. These researches shows us how big number of child use digital media. When children use them, some people might feel anxiety as â€Å"The digital media must affects students badly.† However, this hypothesis is incorrect. Actually, students need to use digital media because using digital media has several benefits in the education. There are twoRead MoreRole Internet Marketing1165 Words   |  5 PagesLevel 3 Unit Unit 12 Internet Marketing in Business Assignment Title Marketing Online Issue Date Monday 10th March Hand In Date Friday 30th May Students Name Class Lecturer Neil Gow Assessment Criteria achieved P1 M1 D1 P2 M2 P3 P4 P5 P6 Learning Outcomes 1. Know what role internet marketing has within a modern marketing context 2. Understand the benefits of internet marketing to customers 3Read MoreInternet Security Why Bother?859 Words   |  4 PagesInternet Security†¦ why bother? Internet technology has bestowed upon society a new norm, one that brought about both social and economic benefits. Communication and informal relationships reached higher heights with persons connecting with distant and ‘long lost’ family and friends, through email and social media. Businesses themselves have also benefited from this technology. They saw their demographic expand overnight from local, to regional and international clientele. However in parallel to anRead MoreInternet Safety And The Internet954 Words   |  4 PagesInternet safety has been an extensive issue for children and adolescents since accuse to the Internet has become readily available in homes. With Internet use increasing at such rapid rates and a large proportion of adolescents using the Internet daily, the awareness of Internet safety should be addressed. The term Internet safety can be defined as â€Å"the knowledge of maximizing an individuals safety to private information, and self protec tion from using the Internet†. The impact and influence thatRead MoreIt/205 Week 4 Internet and Technology1010 Words   |  5 PagesBenefits of Using The Internet Tools and Technoloy at Dirt Bikes Sandra Brown IT/205 John McGowan July 14, 2012 Benefits of Using The Internet and Technology At Dirt Bikes Dirt Bikes had been spending thousands of dollars in cost on communicating with people inside and outside the organization to obtain information about the developments in the motorcycle industry and the global community. I investigated and found that the company will save an average of 75% simpy by investing in InformationRead MoreMobile Internet And Its Impact On Human Life1687 Words   |  7 Pagesplace. Therefore disruptive technologies have major affect on human life. Disruptive technology is the new technology that replaces the existing one. It’s designed to bring the success of similar technology. For instance, as the development of the Internet, most of people use it to send or receive email. Hence less and less people go to post office to send the letter. According to the McKinsey report, he has pointed out the 12 emerging technologies, which have a tremendous impact on people life, businessRead More Children And The Internet Essay examples686 Words   |  3 P ages Children and the Internet Many children nowadays use, or at least have access to the internet. But most people are blinded by all the benefits of the internet, and fail to notice any of the problems that can come from overuse. Since the internet is a new technology, not many studies have been done to determine how beneficial or detrimental it can be to children. Although the internet may have many benefits to children, it can also be very harmful to them. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of

Organ Of The Organ System - 1009 Words

Organ transplantation has been around for about 61 years. The first successful transplantation took place on December 23, 1954 by Dr. Joseph Murray and Dr. David Hume at Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. That transplantation being successful on that day has saved many lives to this day (â€Å"Transplantation†). The only legal way to get an organ transplant is through organ donation. In the United States alone, there are about 122,690 people on the waiting list today and only 10,051 donors. Every ten minutes, someone is added to the waiting list and 22 people that are on the waiting list dies everyday (Organ Procurement). There have been many debates on the matter of only being able to obtain an organ through donation. Some people believe that there should be a legal market to sell organs. In these debates, people must take other matters into consideration. The sale of organs may have an effect the environment, the different cultures, the economy, ethics, politics, or even science and technology. Weather these effects would be good or bad is up to debate. There have been many debates on the issue of the legalization of the sale of human organs. One person to debate on the issue was Dr. Monti. She put out an elaborate paper on how the sale of human organs would benefit the economy. Jennifer Monti has a medical and master’s degree in public health and her research has been published in academic journals. Her other writings have been recognized by the New York TimesShow MoreRelatedOrgan System For Organ Organs1798 Words   |  8 Pagesthe question posed in discussing the sale of human organs. There is undoubtedly a need for donor organs. According to UNOS, every ten minutes a new person is added to the donor waiting list and an average of twenty two people die a day waiting for an organ they will never receive. UNOS, the United Network for Organ Sharing, is a non-profit organization founded in 1984 that regulates organ allocation in the United States.The allocation of organs it based on many factors, including availability locall yRead MoreOrgan System Of Organ Transplantation3687 Words   |  15 PagesStates, Not Just Legal Citizens, Should Automatically Be Considered Organ Donors Unless Otherwise Specified Rough Draft UFID: 9169-9185 June 6, 2015 I. Background According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, organ transplantation is the process of surgically transferring a donated organ into a patient with end-stage organ failure (U.S Dept of health and human services website). End-stage organ failure can be attributed to a number of diseases. Diseases suchRead MoreOrgan System Of Organ Transplantation3687 Words   |  15 PagesStates, Not Just Legal Citizens, Should Automatically Be Considered Organ Donors Unless Otherwise Specified Rough Draft UFID: 9169-9185 June 6, 2015 I. Background According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, organ transplantation is the process of surgically transferring a donated organ into a patient with end-stage organ failure (U.S Dept of health and human services website). End-stage organ failure can be attributed to a number of diseases. Diseases suchRead MoreOrgan And Tissue Regeneration And Organ Systems1541 Words   |  7 Pagesinto tissues, organs and organ systems is the propelling force behind maintaining homeostasis. Due to the intricate relationship of organ systems with each other, a dysfunction in one organ might have a domino effect on other tissues and organs within the body and since the human body is far from perfect, mutations, drugs, or pathogens may lead to cellular damage at a microscopic level, which could then lead to the deterioration of organs at a macroscopic level. In the past, organ failure was fatalRead MoreOrgan Systems And The Nervous System Essay2084 Words   |  9 Pagesmain or gan systems in the human body are the nervous system, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, digestive system, skeletal system and the reproductive system. Nervous System There are two parts to the nervous system which are: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord and some nerves, whereas the peripheral nervous system includes all the other nerves and it carries information to the central nervous system andRead MoreOrgan Systems And The Human Body976 Words   |  4 PagesThe human body is composed of several organ systems that help throughout the body to perform specific functions. There are a total of 11 organ systems with different assigned function; organ systems are a group of organs that work together in order to make a function, such as the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic/immunity, digestive, urinary, and reproductive system. These organ systems are very important to the body because some have functions thatRead MoreThe Current Organ Donation System1482 Words   |  6 Pagesfor an organ donation. That is six peopl e every hour, 144 every day, and 1008 every week. Approximately 120 thousand people need an organ transplant to survive. Of all of those people, only 79 thousand people are on an active wait list, while only 20 thousand transplantations have been completed this year. There are not enough donors to meet the current organ demand, and of those that do donate organs, the costs incurred by the donor do not equal the benefits. The current organ donation system operatesRead MoreThe Digestive Systems Organs Work862 Words   |  4 Pages The digestive systems organs work together to help the body turn food into nutrients and energy. Food passes through the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract). The GI tract is made up of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, and large intestines. There are accessory organs that do not have food pass through them but those organs help with the digestive system. They include the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. The six major functions need toRead MoreEvolution of Animals and Their Organ Systems4165 Words   |  17 PagesOrgan Systems Project (Digestive, Excretory, Circulatory, Reproductive, Nervous) There is an enormous variety of life on our planet Earth ranging from simple cell bacteria to complex multicellular animals. Animals are creatures in the kingdom Animilia, one of the kingdoms in Whitakers 5 kingdom system. Their bodies consist of 555tanimal eukaryotic cells. Meaning their cell or cells contain a nucleus, are surrounded by a cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer) and can self-reproduce in a freeRead MoreOrgan And Diseases Of The Respiratory System2330 Words   |  10 PagesApril 2016 Comprehensive Report Rough Draft: Organs and Diseases of the Respiratory System The primary functions of the respiratory system include the following. The respiratory system takes in oxygen. It does this by using a process that is called breathing. In order to breath, the diaphragm flattens, thus, allowing the lungs to expand in order to transfer oxygen into the lungs, which transfers the oxygen into the circulatory system. The respiratory system also expels carbon dioxide. In other words

The Little Tokyo Service Center and Language Barrier...

The field placement for my concentration year is at the Little Tokyo Service Center working with mono-lingual Korean seniors. 1st generation monolingual Asian American senior citizens often experience marginalization because of limited resources in addition to language barriers. As a result, monolingual Asian American seniors are constantly experiencing multiple barriers in society, because of the disenfranchisement of people of color. Delgado and Stefancic (2001) describe the stratification of the Eurocentric ideology and values that are embedded in the United States. Because of the values in American society, people are expected to acculturate towards western ideals. Consequently, many 1st generation monolingual Asian American seniors†¦show more content†¦The follow section will focus on apply the two theories of CRT /I and Social Constructionism in the practice situation of working with monolingual Asian American seniors, which will be evaluated by using six criterions in assessing the strengths in the theories: person in environment, voice of marginalized, working with diverse populations, social work values and ethnics, social justice and empowerment and my own values. Since monolingual Asian American seniors experience marginalization, CRT /I and Social Constructionism will reflect best practices when working with monolingual Asian American seniors. The criterion of person in environment focuses on learning about the multiple identities of the monolingual Asian American seniors. CSUDH’s MSW Self-Study (2009) describes person in environment as a critical approach in empowering the co-participant’s interdependence and autonomous goals. Hence, in assisting monolingual Asian American seniors in becoming empowered, practitioners need to become culturally competent in focusing on the individuality and strengths of the co-participants. CRT /I are critical tools in locating the multiple diverse identities of monolingual Asian American se niors. Ortiz and Jayshree (2010) describe CRT /I as understanding the whole diverse situation of the co-participant, and using personal strengths to empower and advocate for social change.Show MoreRelatedStarbucks in Japan9274 Words   |  38 PagesThe GDP per capita in 2011 was at $34,000 (PPP, ranked 38th); - The unemployment rate was at 4.7% in 2011; - The inflation was at 0,3% in 2011; The GDP by sector is the following: - Agriculture : 1,5% - Industry: 22,8% - Services: 75,7% The main industries are motor vehicles, industrial and transportation equipment, electronics, chemicals, steel, machine tools, processed foods, non-ferrous metals In recent years, there is a deflationary spiral that tends to make wait consumersRead MoreA Literature Review on International Business8061 Words   |  33 Pagesdeal with some of these countries because of the non-tariff barriers that they employ within their own territory. Non-tariff barriers is a legal means of implementing restrictive labeling requirements, health certifications and also discriminations on product standards; government subsidies and countervailing duties; quantitative restrictions, customs clearances and quotas. To make matters more complicated, some informal non-tariff barriers are also being practiced. These practices refer to unpleasantRead MoreBusiness Plan (Dog Food)10429 Words   |  42 Pageswhich is based on the premise that dogs and cats are predators – designed to hunt, kill, eat raw meat and chew on raw bones. The diet has been developed for busy people who love their animals and want to give them a species-appropriate diet, but have little ti me for the preparation and planning of meals for pets. Vegetables are added to muscle meat, raw ground bones, heart and liver to provide the vitamins and minerals required by a healthy pet. 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In fact, nearly threequarters of HR professionals from companies large and small in a wide range of industries and countries say they expect their company’s international business to grow in the coming years.1 SomeRead MoreFurniture Industry in Bangladesh7788 Words   |  32 Pagescombination of labor intensive country. In terms of distribution, furniture independents/specialists dominate with 35 percent, followed by multiples, department/variety stores, mail order and others. This comprehensive report represents a detailed assessment of the market, reviewing major trends, key factors influencing developments and future prospects for the sector. Analysis is both quantitative and qualitative, based on our substantial experience of the building and home improvement markets. FurnitureRead MoreModernization of Ntuc Income Case Study14065 Words   |  57 Pagescommunications network in the underground channel connecting England and France. The company also provides unique work opportunities for SaskTel staff in Africa and Australia. The result of pride and positive attitudes at SaskTel is a top-notch customer service reputation. â€Å"It all starts with the people who do the work,† says Garry Simmons, president of SaskTel International. â€Å"Their adaptability and positive attitude allow us to succeed, and we’ve heard so many positive comments from our partners in TanzaniaRead MoreModernization of Ntuc Income Case Study14054 Words   |  57 Pagescommunications network in the underground channel connecting England and France. The company also provides unique work opportunities for SaskTel staff in Africa and Australia. The result of pride and positive attitudes at SaskTel is a top-notch customer service reputation. â€Å"It all starts wi th the people who do the work,† says Garry Simmons, president of SaskTel International. â€Å"Their adaptability and positive attitude allow us to succeed, and we’ve heard so many positive comments from our partners in TanzaniaRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesIndiana University Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Editor in Chief: Eric Svendsen AVP/Executive Editor: Bob Horan Editorial Project Manager: Mary Kate Murray Editorial Assistant: Jason Calcano Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager:Read MoreStandardisation and Adaptation Within International Marketing Context24708 Words   |  99 PagesVrontis, D – Professor of Manchester Metropolitan University . For his time and guiding in the provision of â€Å"AdaptStand† theory and offering quite useful information and other literature’s works. iii. Takako Enomoto, Maria , Shiseido Consumer Center, Tokyo For her time and co-operation in the provision of insight information on both the company and the cosmetic industry in general Finally, my greatest debt is to my sweet husband on his undivided support, encouragement and prayer all the way through

Voltaire s Candide As An Opportunity For Growth Or...

As humans, we have choices: To change, to stay the same, to work, to rest; each choice provides an opportunity for growth or stagnation. Voltaire’s Candide is a satire, originally published in 1759. The enlightenment ideals which originated in the 17th century and continued into the 18th century are highly prevalent in Candide. The work includes vehement criticism of nobility, philosophy, religion, and basic human cruelty. The main criticism of Voltaire’s work is directed toward philosophical optimism, a widely accepted idea at the time. Philosophical optimism is the conviction that â€Å"We live in the best of all possible worlds.† Voltaire’s writing is in line with the philosophy stated in John Locke’s Second Treatise of Civil Government on labor which is that â€Å"every man has a property in his own person: this nobody has any right to but himself. The labour of his body, and the work of his hands, we may say, are properly his. Whatsoever then he removes out of the state that nature hath provided, and left it in, he hath mixed his labour with, and joined to it something that is his own, and thereby makes it his property,† as Candide encourages free will and labor in order to achieve a desired end. Voltaire’s Candide employs the motifs of resurrection, hypocrisy, and crime in order to amplify the negative aspects of human nature, and in doing so, rejects the idea that â€Å"we live in the best of all possible worlds† and encourages the exercise of free will as well as making the choice

The Definition of White Collar Crime Free Essays

string(122) " the Route 30 off-ramp where traffic was congested, she moved from the outer fast lane to the middle lane of the freeway\." In this paper the exciting criminal phenomenon known as white-collar crime will be discussed. Corporate Crime and Computer Crime will be discussed in detail. Crime preventative agencies such as the NCPC (National Crime Prevention Council) will also be researched. We will write a custom essay sample on The Definition of White Collar Crime or any similar topic only for you Order Now The late Professor Edwin Sutherland coined the term white-collar crime about 1941. Sutherland defined white-collar crime as â€Å"a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation† (Siegel 337) White-collar crime includes, by way of example, such acts as promulgating false or misleading advertising, illegal exploitation of employees, mislabeling of goods, violation of weights and measures statutes, conspiring to fix prices, evading corporate taxes, computer crimes, and so on. White-collar crime is most distinctively defined in terms of attitudes toward those who commit it. These crimes are punishable by law, however it is generally regarded by the courts and by sections of the general public as much less reprehensible than crimes usually punished by the courts. The other types of crime are blue-collar offenses, which are predominately crimes of the under-privileged. White-collar crimes are punished far less harshly than blue-collar crimes, which shows societies attitudes towards the two sections of society. White-collar crime is attractive to criminals because it brings material rewards with little or no loss of status. (Taft England 201) For some, white-collar crime is not viewed as a â€Å"crime† at all, because of its non-violent nature. Violent crime has an immediate and observable impact on its victim which raises the ire of the public, whereas white-collar crime frequently goes undetected or is viewed as a bending of the rules. Yet white-collar crime can create the greater havoc. The victim of an assault will recover; however, the impact of a fraud can last a lifetime. This is especially true when the elderly are victimized, as they have little or no hope of re-establishing themselves in financial terms. Contrary to the popular belief, white-collar criminals are thieves and the methods used to conceal their offenses are both artful and ingenious. Concealment of the crime is always an objective of the offender, and it becomes an element of the crime itself. Because it is an artful form of deceit, which is skillfully disguised, the investigation itself is often long and laborious as far as proving criminal intent is concerned. The offence itself may be disguised in a maze of legitimate transactions, which are quite proper if viewed in isolation; however, the cumulative effect is the commission of a criminal offence. From the standpoint of the criminal, the ideal white- collar crime is one that will never be recognized or detected as a criminal act. Corporate crime is the type of crime that is engaged in by individuals and groups of individuals who become involved in criminal conspiracies designed to improve the market share or profitability of their corporations. ( Siegel 338) Corporations are legal entities, which can be and are subjected to criminal processes. There is today little restriction on the range of crimes for which corporations may be held responsible, though a corporation cannot be imprisoned. The most controversial issue in regard to the study of corporate crime revolves around the question of whether corporate crime is â€Å"really crime. † Corporate officials, politicians, and many criminologists object to the criminological study of corporate criminality on the strictest sense of the word. The conventional and strictly legal definition of crime is that it is an act, which violates the criminal law and is thereby punishable by a criminal court. From this perspective a criminal is one who has been convicted in a criminal court. Given these widely accepted notions of crime and criminals, it is argued that what is called corporate crime is not really crime and should not be considered as such by either the public or criminologists. (Hochstedler 22) It does appear that now in recent times society has had a growing concern about white-collar and corporate crime. Studies have indicated that the public now judges white-collar criminality to be more serious than it had been in the past, people now have lost confidence in the people running major companies, and most American corporate executives are believed to be dishonest. The public’s concern with corporate crime has grown recently, but has been evident for several years. I will use one of the most memorable corporate crime cases in history; The Ford Pinto Case to prove my statement. (Cullen/Maakestad/Cavender 43) The product liability lawsuit and appeal titled Grimshaw v. Ford Motor Company is a case in point and ought to be read by everyone. Grimshaw is an example of the type of thing that can happen when an industry insolates itself from competition. The Pinto affair has very important lessons for us all. Its story can teach us much about the power of huge corporations and what corporations can do when they face no real competition. It carries an important lesson about how the minds of those who run the world’s colossal corporations work. In November of 1971 the Grays purchased a new 1972 Pinto hatchback manufactured by Ford in October of 1971. The Grays had trouble with the car from the outset. During the first few months of ownership, they had to return the car to the dealer for repairs a number of times. Their car problems included excessive gas and oil consumption, down shifting of the automatic transmission, lack of power, and occasional stalling. It was later learned that the stalling and excessive fuel consumption were caused by a heavy carburetor float. On May 28, Mrs. Gray, accompanied by 13-year-old Richard Grimshaw, set out in the Pinto from Anaheim for Barstow to meet Mr. Gray. The Pinto was then six months old and had been driven approximately 3,000 miles. Mrs. Gray stopped in San Bernardino for gasoline, got back onto the freeway (Interstate 15) and proceeded toward her destination at 60 – 65 miles per hour. As she approached the Route 30 off-ramp where traffic was congested, she moved from the outer fast lane to the middle lane of the freeway. You read "The Definition of White Collar Crime" in category "Essay examples" Shortly after this lane change, the Pinto suddenly stalled and coasted to a halt in the middle lane. It was later established that the carburetor float had become so saturated with gasoline that it suddenly sank, opening the float chamber and causing the engine to flood and stall. A car traveling immediately behind the Pinto was able to swerve and pass it but the driver of a 1962 Ford Galaxie was unable to avoid colliding with the Pinto. The Galaxie had been traveling from 50 to 55 miles per hour but before the impact had been braked to a speed of 28 to 37 miles per hour. At the moment of impact, the Pinto caught fire and its interior was engulfed in flames. According to the plaintiff’s expert, the impact of the Galaxie had driven the Pinto’s gas tank forward and caused it to be punctured by the flange or one of the bolts on the differential housing so that fuel sprayed from the punctured tank and entered the passenger compartment through gaps resulting from the separation of the rear wheel well sections from the floor pan. By the time the Pinto came to rest after the collision, both occupants had sustained serious burns. When they emerged from the vehicle, their clothing was almost completely burned off. Mrs. Gray died a few days later of congestive heart failure as a result of the burns. Grimshaw managed to survive but only through heroic medical measures. He has undergone numerous and extensive surgeries and skin grafts and was expected to have to undergo additional surgeries over the next 10 years. He lost portions of several fingers on his left hand and portions of his left ear, hile his face required many skin grafts from various portions of his body. This graphic account of these events is needed to grasp the full impact of this tragic situation which could have been avoided by Ford for very minimal cost. Each Pinto could have been repaired for $4-$8 a piece. Management knew of these defects but still decided to produce and release the Pinto to the public. The idea for the Pinto, as has been noted, was conceived by Mr. Iacocco [sic], the Executive Vice President of Ford. The feasibility study was conducted under the supervision of Mr. Robert Alexander, Vice President of Car Engineering. Ford’s Product Planning Committee, whose members included Mr. Iacocca, Mr. Robert Alexander, and Mr. Harold MacDonald, Ford’s Group Vice President of Car Engineering, approved the Pinto’s concept and made the decision to go forward with the project. Harley Copp, a former Ford engineer and executive in charge of the crash testing program, testified that the highest level of Ford’s management made the decision to go forward with the production of the Pinto, knowing that the gas tank was vulnerable to uncture at low rear impact speeds creating a significant risk of death or injury from fire and knowing that fixes were feasible at nominal cost. He testified that management’s decision was based on the cost savings, which would inure from omitting the fixes. This was the corporation’s outright trade of human life for profit. The jury in this case brought in a verdict for the plaintiffs in excess of $128 million of which $125 million were punitive damages. There is another very important point to be made by this case. Ford knew that the Pinto was going to kill or burn people because of its design, but, because of the â€Å"cost savings which would inure from omitting the fixes,† Ford decided to let it go. Consider carefully exactly what Ford Motor Company was doing here. One could argue that Ford was conducting cost-benefit analysis. To the Ford executives, the benefits were clear, calculable, and immediately available. Ford would save a few dollars on each Pinto manufactured. The costs would accrue in the future and would not be paid by Ford. Unfortunately, the costs were the lives and permanent injuries of nameless and faceless future consumers. The Pinto would appear to be a prime example of laying off costs. The suffering, the destroyed lives and families apparently were of minor consideration in the calculations when Ford performed the cost-benefit analysis. Corporate crime has also been linked to political leaders in this country. Corporate crime is a crime of power and profit for the offenders. Large and powerful corporations who have the support of prominent political leaders can be difficult to prosecute in corporate crime cases. At the Progress Freedom Foundation conference held at the Mayflower Hotel in Washington, D. C. , Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich (R-Georgia) was asked why he spent so much time addressing the issue of street crime and violence, while ignoring the issue of corporate crime and violence. Gingrich answered, â€Å"If I went around the country and said, ‘Vote for us and there will be no more white-collar fraud,’ the average voter will say, ‘I don’t think he gets it. ‘† But corporate crime is more than just white-collar fraud. And one reason that Gingrich doesn’t address the issue of corporate crime might be because one of the corporations that has brought him to power is Southwire Co. of Carrollton, Georgia. Southwire has close ties to Gingrich, it dominates the political economy of Carroll County, where Gingrich’s political career was launched, and it is a corporation with a criminal record. Individuals affiliated with Southwire Co. , including its chief executive officer, Roy Richards, and its president, James Richards, have donated more than $18,000 to Gingrich’s campaigns for Congress during the past ten years. According to the Los Angeles Times, James Richards has also donated 80,200 to GOPAC, the political action committee spearhearded by Gingrich. Computer technology has introduced new factors concerning the types of perpetrators, the forms of assets threatened, and embezzlement methods. ( Radzinowicz 357) Computer crimes generally fall into five categories: 1) theft of services 2) use of computer data for personal gain 3) unauthorized use of computers employed for various types of financial processing 4) property theft by computer 5) placing viruses to destroy data. The terms â€Å"computer misuse† and â€Å"computer abuse† are also used frequently, but they have significantly different implications. Criminal law recognizes the concepts of unlawful or fraudulent intent and of claim of right; thus, any criminal laws that relate to computer crime would need to distinguish between accidental misuse of a computer system, negligent misuse of a computer system and intended, unauthorized access to or misuse of a computer system, amounting to computer abuse. Annoying behavior must be distinguished from criminal behavior in law. History has shown that a broad range of persons commits computer crime: students, amateurs, terrorists and members of organized crime groups. What distinguishes them is the nature of the crime committed. The individual who accesses a computer system without further criminal intent is much different from the employee of a financial institution who skims funds from customer accounts. The typical skill level of the computer criminal is a topic of controversy. Some claim that skill level is not an indicator of a computer criminal, while others claim that potential computer criminals are bright, eager, highly motivated subjects willing to accept a technological challenge, characteristics that are also highly desirable in an employee in the data-processing field. According to a number of studies, however, employees represent the largest threat, and indeed computer crime has often been referred to as an insider crime. One study estimated that 90 per cent of economic computer crimes were committed by mployees of the victimized companies. A recent survey in North America and Europe indicated that 73 per cent of the risk to computer security was attributable to internal sources and only 23 per cent to external criminal activity. The American Bar Association conducted a survey in 1987: of 300 corporations and government agencies, 72 claimed to have been the victim of computer-related crime in the 12-month period prior to the survey, sustaining losses estimated to range from $ 145 million to $ 730 million. In 1991, a survey of security incidents involving computer-related crime was conducted at 3,000 Virtual Address Extension (VAX) sites in Canada, Europe and the United States of America. Seventy-two per cent of the respondents said that a security incident had occurred within the previous 12-month period; 43 per cent indicated that the security incident they had sustained had been a criminal offence. A further 8 per cent were uncertain whether they had sustained a security incident. Similar surveys conducted around the world report significant and widespread abuse and loss. Computer criminals have gained notoriety in the media and appear to have gained more social acceptability than traditional criminals. The suggestion that the computer criminal is a less harmful individual, however, ignores the obvious. The current threat is real. The future threat will be directly determined by the advances made in computer technology. Although it is difficult to quantify the scope of the computer crime problem, public reports have estimated that computer crime costs us between five hundred million and ten billion dollars per year. The Computer Security Institute has surveyed 428 information security specialists in Fortune 500 companies; 42% of the respondents indicated that there was an unauthorized use of their computer systems in the last year. Only a small portion of computer crimes come to the attention of the law enforcement authorities. While it is possible to give an accurate description of the various types of computer offences committed, it has proved difficult to give an accurate, reliable overview of the extent of losses and the actual number of criminal offences. At its Colloquium on Computer Crimes and Other Crimes against Information Technology, held at Wurzburg, Germany, from 5 to 8 October 1992, AIDP released a report on computer crime based on reports of its member countries that estimated that only 5 per cent of computer crime was reported to law enforcement authorities. Law enforcement officials indicate from their experience that recorded computer crime statistics do not represent the actual number of offences; the term â€Å"dark figure†, used by criminologists to refer to unreported crime, has been applied to undiscovered computer crimes. The invisibility of computer crimes is based on several factors. First, sophisticated technology, that is, the immense, compact storage capacity of the computer and the speed with which computers function, ensures that computer crime is very difficult to detect. In contrast to most traditional areas of crime, unknowing victims are often informed after the fact by law enforcement officials that they have sustained a computer crime. Secondly, investigating officials often do not have sufficient training to deal with problems in the complex environment of data processing. Thirdly, many victims do not have a contingency plan for responding to incidents of computer crime, and they may even fail to acknowledge that a security problem exists. The dynamic nature of computer technology, compounded by specific considerations and complications in applying traditional laws to this new technology, dictate that the law enforcement, legal and judicial communities must develop new skills to be able to respond adequately to the challenge presented by computer crime. The growing sophistication of telecommunications systems and the high level of expertise of many system operators complicate significantly the task of regulatory and legal intervention by law enforcement agencies. If the law enforcement community is expected to deal with the problem of computer crime, adequate training sessions must be implemented. To address computer crime, most police departments are allocating a greater proportion of resources to their economic or fraud investigation divisions, since many types of computer crime occur in the course of business transactions or affect financial assets. Accordingly, it is important for investigators to know about business transactions and about the use of computer in business. The ideal situation is to have investigators with not only solid criminal investigation backgrounds but also supplementary technical knowledge. This is similar to the traditional approach, where many police forces ensure that their fraud investigators, although not necessarily accountants, possess a thorough understanding of financial and business record keeping. How to cite The Definition of White Collar Crime, Essay examples

Vendor and Purchaser Law

Question: Discuss about the Vendor and Purchaser Law. Answer: Bakhos v Fenner Anor [2007] NSWSC 641 Issue According to the case study, the plaintiff has been alleged the defendant for the firing and damaging the property. Therefore now the issue has been found that whether the fondant is liable for the damage of the property? Relevant Legislation and Case Law According to the case study, the sustainable damages are not considered as damage until it makes any conflict with the rights of the buyer. Therefore when a risk is identified then it is important to prove the damages due to the negligence by the defendant towards the plaintiff. The sec- 66L of the Conveyancing Act 1999 defines the power to rescind where land substantially damaged. Therefore in this act, it is defined that when it is found that the land is found to be substantially damaged and it only granted after the making of a contract for the sale of any land. If any risk is found for the damages then it only applicable when the damage is passed due to the risks therefore the purchaser swill have the rights to rescind the said contract by servings in writing in between a particular time. This is a case between Tony Bakhos vs. Regula Fenner and Rolf Maximillian Fenner where the Supreme Court of New South Wales equity division has give the judgment about the claim of the plaintiff where they demanded damages caused from defendant and the section 66(L) of the Conveyancing Act 1999 provided such power to rescind where land substantially damaged. The issue of the case occurs when the property was damage due to the firing and later the court has found that the damage was minor and that land was not much substantially damaged. Under Section 55 (2A) of the Conveyancing Act 1999 defines the right of purchaser to recover the deposit amount. Therefore according to the contract if the parties has some specific performance which would not be enforced against the purchaser as per the order of the court and if any defect has been found due to the vendors title therefore the purchaser will not held liable to rescind the contract and he also has the power to recover the deposits or any other installments. It also provides the given due to the Purchase and relief from all the liability in this matter a contract also holds a stipulation including the purchaser from objective regarding the payment. Now when the fire is occurred in that property, the defendant also not present on that place. It has been found that it was unoccupied due to the fire. The damage caused according to the division 7 of part 4 of the Conveyancing Act 1999 and it defines according to the 66 (L) (I) where it has been mentioned that a purchaser has the powers on right to rescind the contract where the property is substantially damaged after making the contract. Analysis According to the case study the fact is the plaintiff who is the purchaser has make a contract to buy a house property buy a contract for sale of land with the vendor who is the defendant Ms Regula Fenner, and Mr Peter Voglsinger who are on the property owner as joint tenants. The purchase price was $1,400,000 where they have decided to payment the amount in installment which will helpful to not raise any difficulty. Therefore after some days of fire have been occured in that house property when the defendants were not present and it also found that the house was unoccupied due to the fire the house was damaged. When a residential property is damaged then the liability does not pass to the buyer until he make the completion of the before seller is found responsible for the property. If any damage occur but it would be different if the buyer take the position of the property early then the risk and the damaged all will be liable for the buyer. The substantial damage the buyer can resigned the contract within 20 days of time before there were about the damage and the buyer also have right to receive back the deposit amount and must released from any obligation under this contract. It is only not acceptable if any damage is caused due to some negligence by the buyer. In some cases if it is found the damage are substantial and still the buyer want to proceed with the contract purchasing. Then buyer has no right to forced to perform the contract if it is found in equitable to complete the selling. Now in this case due to the fire of the property smoke damaged, the windows have been settled and th e carpets are burn and two shillings was again affected by the Firefighter. Therefore it is also found that it has not been that substantial damage where the buyers can has rights to resign the purchasing contract for the repudiation of the contract and the seller was also bound to entitle to retain the deposit amount. Conclusion In this case the court has given the decisions that the defendant must give back the damage amount to the buyer because the property damage was not defined as a substantially damaged according to the Conveyancing Act 1999. Urban House v Purnell Bros [2007] NSWSC 1248 Issue According to the case study the issue is whether Urban House and SCL is liable to provide the notice or they have any power to have relief against forfeiture of that deposit amount according to the substantially damage? Relevant Legislation and Case Law The section 66 (L) of Conveyancing Act 1999[1] defines are the signed contract for sale of land which provide the power related to the property where the substantially damage is occur between the contract and there settlement[2]. Therefore land is substantially became damage after the formation of the contract then the damages regarding the risk all passes to the purchaser where it must written to the contract by providing notice in writing and send it to vendor before the completion of the transferred the property to the purchaser[3]. The section 66(K) of Conveyancing Act 1999 defines the times where the damage is occur on the land which is passed to the purchaser and it will not has been transferred until the completion of the sale according to the stipulated time of the contract and the position by the purchaser[4]. The section 66(L) of Conveyancing Act 1999 is defines and described with the contrasted with section 66(M) of Conveyancing Act 1999. Therefore it defines that when the property is damaged after the contract of the sell and before the damage has been transferred to the purchaser then the purchase price can be reduced according to the equitable in the situation. In this matter the provisions is defined whether the property is substantially damaged or not. In this case Urban House and SCL both have purchased the land and after the fire it damage substantially the property[5]. In the passing of raised between the vendor and purchaser of the land is only occur when the law relating insurance or compensation which is been detected due to the damage or any destruction of improvements and the other property on land is being selected for the contract for the sale[6]. Then it will found the raised or the damage of the destruction has been occur between the vendor and purchaser. The terms also included when the benefit of an insurance policy will be issued for the vendor by the purchaser. Therefore when the process has been occur by the insurance policy held by the vendor of the purchaser it should be applied according to the compensation and as per the consequences of the case[7]. In the case of Needham J in Shadlow Anor v Skiadopolous Anor (1988) it has been found that the Conveyancing Act 1999 section 66(m) has made the coordinates with the respect of section 66(a) regarding the substantial damage of the property where the purchaser was not bound to take the responsibilities about the damaged property[8]. Analysis The fact of the case is the plaintiff Urban house Private Limited and SCL Holding Private Limited has purchased a land in a exchange contract from the defendant Purnell Bros Private Limited the purchased property is used for a car service and a service station. However the settlement has been made but due to fire the building was damaged Where are Urban house Private Limited and SCL Holding Private Limited has send a notice for rescission of the contract according to the section 66(l) Conveyancing Act 1999[9] to the defendant Purnell Bros Private Limited for the termination due to the failure of the contract[10]. Into the contract the plaintiffs has been paid $600,000 and they didnt get back the money. Therefore the court proceeding has been made buy them whether they will be get back the money or they are entitled to relieve against any four features of the deposit. Therefore it can be stated that is according to the section 66(a) of the Conveyancing Act 1999[11]. The contract would be unjust or in equitable according to the requirement of the seller when he is bound to complete the sale of land and along with that is that land substantially damaged after the formation of the contract and before the risk has occurred on the damaged which is passes to the purchaser then in that matter[12]. The court has right to refuse the enforcement against the seller for that specific performance of the contract. The order of the repayment of the given money by the purchaser according to the contract and make that ordered as appropriate payment according to the Section 66 of the Conveyancing Act 1999 in th en the court will refuse the enforcement[13]. Therefore the fire has damaged the building and due to the risk of the property it is required to restore the damage part and here it has established the relation to the proportionally of the amount which is involved with the purchase price of the land. The plaintiff has reported that day has been validly rescinding the contract. Therefore the due to the Fire it burn out the land matter really different from that which price has contacted to buy. In that circumstances due to the fire is rendered the building on the land and tenantable therefore they are required to get back there amount. The damage was in substitution for a number of reasons[14]. As because the plaintiffs have intention to make a large development and demolition of the improvement on the land where it does not mean the release of the building is prior to demolish[15]. It is also found that when the contract has been made and until the termination of the contract a property was disused therefore neither of the party h as appeared greatly or they do not have any concern about the possibility of the damage to the structure until the fire has damage the portion of the property[16]. Conclusion In this case studies the substantial damage has been found by the defendant and therefore he is bound to pay the damage amount to the plaintiff and the according to the Section 55 of the Conveyancing Act 1999 the purchaser was being entitled to relief from any forth features and the cross claimed has been failed because the substantial damage has been found where the defendant is bound to pay the damages[17]. Reference Abbey, Robert, and Mark Richards. A practical approach to conveyancing. Oxford University Press, 2017. Bakhos v Fenner Anor [2007] NSWSC 641 Beazley, Margaret. "Judgment writing in final and intermediate courts of appeal." Judicial Officers Bulletin 27.9 (2015): 79. Bray, Judith. Unlocking land law. Routledge, 2016. Needham J in Shadlow Anor v Skiadopolous Anor (1988) NSW ConvR 55-383 Urban House v Purnell Bros [2007] NSWSC 1248 Veitch, Edward. "When the Court Finds a Breach of Fiduciary Obligations, Should Equitable or Legal Remedies Flow." UNBLJ 66 (2015): 200. [1] Abbey, Robert, and Mark Richards. A practical approach to conveyancing. Oxford University Press, 2017. [2] Veitch, Edward. "When the Court Finds a Breach of Fiduciary Obligations, Should Equitable or Legal Remedies Flow." UNBLJ 66 (2015): 200. [3] Beazley, Margaret. "Judgment writing in final and intermediate courts of appeal." Judicial Officers Bulletin 27.9 (2015): 79. [4] Bray, Judith. Unlocking land law. Routledge, 2016. [5] Beazley, Margaret. "Judgment writing in final and intermediate courts of appeal." Judicial Officers Bulletin 27.9 (2015): 79. [6] Veitch, Edward. "When the Court Finds a Breach of Fiduciary Obligations, Should Equitable or Legal Remedies Flow." UNBLJ 66 (2015): 200. [7] Abbey, Robert, and Mark Richards. A practical approach to conveyancing. Oxford University Press, 2017. [8] Bray, Judith. Unlocking land law. Routledge, 2016. [9] Beazley, Margaret. "Judgment writing in final and intermediate courts of appeal." Judicial Officers Bulletin 27.9 (2015): 79. [10] Abbey, Robert, and Mark Richards. A practical approach to conveyancing. Oxford University Press, 2017. [11] Abbey, Robert, and Mark Richards. A practical approach to conveyancing. Oxford University Press, 2017. [12] Veitch, Edward. "When the Court Finds a Breach of Fiduciary Obligations, Should Equitable or Legal Remedies Flow." UNBLJ 66 (2015): 200. [13] Bray, Judith. Unlocking land law. Routledge, 2016. [14] Beazley, Margaret. "Judgment writing in final and intermediate courts of appeal." Judicial Officers Bulletin 27.9 (2015): 79. [15] Veitch, Edward. "When the Court Finds a Breach of Fiduciary Obligations, Should Equitable or Legal Remedies Flow." UNBLJ 66 (2015): 200. [16] Bray, Judith. Unlocking land law. Routledge, 2016. [17] Abbey, Robert, and Mark Richards. A practical approach to conveyancing. Oxford University Press, 2017.